GB/T 1458-2023_English: PDF (GB/T1458-2023)
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Test method for mechanical properties of ring of filament-winding reinforced composites
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GB/T 1458-2023
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GB/T 1458-2008 | English | 185 |
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Test method for mechanical properties of ring of filament-winding reinforced plastics
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GB/T 1458-1988 | English | 279 |
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Test method for tensile strength of ring of filament-winding reinforced plastics
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GB/T 1458-1988
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Standard ID | GB/T 1458-2023 (GB/T1458-2023) | Description (Translated English) | Test method for mechanical properties of ring of filament-winding reinforced composites | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q23 | Classification of International Standard | 83.120 | Word Count Estimation | 18,163 | Date of Issue | 2023-09-07 | Date of Implementation | 2024-04-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 1458-2008 | Drafting Organization | Harbin Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Research Institute Co., Ltd., Harbin Petroleum Institute, Beijing Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics Research Institute Testing Center Co., Ltd., Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Sciences Petrochemical Research Institute | Administrative Organization | National Fiber Reinforced Plastics Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 39) | Proposing organization | China Building Materials Federation | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | Standard ID | GB/T 1458-2008 (GB/T1458-2008) | Description (Translated English) | Test method for mechanical properties of ring of filament-winding reinforced plastics | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q23 | Classification of International Standard | 83.120 | Word Count Estimation | 14,196 | Date of Issue | 2008-06-30 | Date of Implementation | 2009-04-01 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 1458-1988; GB/T 1461-1988; GB/T 2578-1989 | Quoted Standard | GB/T 1446; GB/T 2577; GB/T 3855 | Adopted Standard | ASTM D2291-1998, NEQ; ASTM D2290-2000, NEQ; ASTM D2344/D2344M-2000, NEQ | Drafting Organization | Harbin FRP Research Institute | Administrative Organization | Plastic fiber reinforced Standardization Technical Committee of the National | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Approval Announcement 2008 No.11 (Total No.124) | Proposing organization | China Building Materials Federation | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | Summary | This standard specifies the sample preparation filament wound reinforced plastic ring specimens for mechanical testing, shear test, tensile tests and test reports. This standard applies to the production of fiber reinforced plastic ring wrapped sample and measuring the filament-wound reinforced plastic ring specimens interlaminar shear strength, tensile strength, tensile modulus and tensile strength of the fibers. | Standard ID | GB/T 1458-1988 (GB/T1458-1988) | Description (Translated English) | Test method for tensile strength of ring of filament-winding reinforced plastics | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | Q23 | Classification of International Standard | 83.12 | Word Count Estimation | 7,728 | Date of Issue | 1988/9/20 | Date of Implementation | 1989/6/1 | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 1458-1978 | Adopted Standard | ASTM D2290-1976, NEQ | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 11 of 2008 (No. 124 overall) | Proposing organization | National Fiber Reinforced Plastics Standardization Technical Committee | Issuing agency(ies) | State Bureau of Technical Supervision |
GB/T 1458-2023.Test method for mechanical properties of annular specimens of fiber-wound reinforced composites
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 1458-2008
Ring specimen of fiber-wound reinforced composite material
Mechanical properties test methods
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
1 Scope
This document specifies the method and principle of the mechanical properties test of fiber-wound reinforced composite annular specimens, specimen preparation, shear test, tensile test,
Tensile test and test report.
This document is applicable to the determination of interlaminar shear strength, tensile strength, tensile elastic modulus and other properties of unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite annular specimens.
The fiber tensile strength, fiber tensile strength, and hoop tensile strength of fiber-wound reinforced composite pipes were studied.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.
For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
This document.
GB/T 1446 General principles for test methods for properties of fiber reinforced plastics
GB/T 2577 Test method for resin content of glass fiber reinforced plastics
GB/T 3855 Test method for resin content of carbon fiber reinforced plastics
3 Terms and definitions
There are no terms or definitions that require definition in this document.
4 Principles of the method
4.1 Sample preparation method
4.1.1 Overview
The annular specimens of unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite materials are made by single-ring winding method or cylinder cutting method. These two methods can be wet
The fiber winding reinforced composite pipe specimen is directly obtained from the fiber winding process.
A ring-shaped specimen is cut from the reinforced composite material tube and then machined.
4.1.2 Single loop winding method
Single ring winding method. according to the specified inner diameter of the sample, a single ring mold is used to wind it on a winding machine, and then it is cured, processed on the outer surface, and demoulded to make
Ring specimen.
4.1.3 Cylindrical ring cutting method
Cylindrical ring cutting method. according to the specified inner diameter of the sample, the sample is wound into a cylinder on a winding machine using a cylindrical core mold, and then solidified, processed on the outer surface, demoulded,
Cut and make ring specimens.
4.2 Shear test method
The specimen is loaded by three-point bending, and the load is applied at a specified loading rate until the specimen fails. The failure load is recorded and the shear stress is calculated.
Shear strength.
4.3 Tensile test method
Place the sample on the tensile plate of the testing machine and apply tensile load at a specified loading rate until the sample fails. Record the failure load and
Calculate tensile strength, etc.
5.Sample preparation
5.1 Equipment
5.1.1 Wrapping machine
The winding machine consists of a yarn frame, a rubber groove, a tension control device, a wire guide hole and a driving mechanism.
5.1.2 Moulds and core moulds
The single ring mold is shown in Figure 3.Appropriate connecting shafts should be left at both ends of the core mold of the cylindrical ring cutting method to facilitate the assembly of the mold on the winding machine.
5.1.3 Demolding device
A suitable press may be used.
5.1.4 Curing device
The curing device should have an appropriate controllable temperature range with a temperature control accuracy of ±2°C.
5.2 Storage and handling conditions of raw materials
5.2.1 Storage
Raw materials such as fibers, resins and curing agents should be inspected and stored in accordance with technical requirements.
5.2.2 Processing conditions
5.2.2.1 The fiber should be dried before winding. The glass fiber is placed in an oven at (80±2)℃ and dried for 8 hours.
Under the condition of treatment agent, (105±2)℃ can be used for drying for 2h. When preparing the ring sample, the fiber is placed in the relative humidity of the environment after drying.
The degree is not more than 65%.
5.2.2.2 Place the carbon fiber and aramid fiber in an oven at 105℃~120℃ and dry for at least 2 hours.
Keep in an oven at 70℃~80℃.
5.3 Sample preparation by wet winding process
5.3.1 Mould preparation
Apply mold release agent to the cleaned mold or core mold.
5.3.2 Yarn ball installation
The yarn ball is placed on a creel and as the fiber is pulled from the ball, the twist is maintained constant and slight tension is applied to prevent it from shaking.
5.3.3 Dipping
The fiber is drawn out from the yarn ball, passes through the guide roller, and enters the glue groove with a heating device. When the fiber is pulled out from the glue groove, the fiber is worn as little as possible.
In this case, use a device such as a rubber squeeze roller or a rubber scraper to remove excess glue.
5.3.4 Tension control
The fiber impregnated with glue is passed through a series of guide rollers to apply the required tension to the fiber. Winding tension. Glass fiber is the fiber breaking strength
5%~8%; aramid fiber is 3%~4% of the fiber breaking strength; carbon fiber should be in accordance with the process requirements so as not to damage the fiber.
5.3.5 Yarn arrangement
The fiber arrangement should be uniform, without accumulation, gaps, etc. Make the fiber impregnation uniform, the tension stable, and the winding speed no more than
60r/min is appropriate (the linear speed is 28m/min).
5.3.6 Curing
After the ring specimen is wound, it shall be cured according to the prescribed curing system. The storage time of the ring specimens wound in the same batch before curing shall not exceed
Over 8 hours.
5.3.7 Processing and demoulding
After solidification, the single ring specimen is first removed from the outer molds on both sides, strung together and surface processed by grinding or fine turning.
Medium model.
After solidification, the cylinder is first ground or precision turned for surface processing, and then the ring is cut and demoulded.
5.4 Prepreg winding process sample preparation
The procedure for preparing the specimen by prepreg method is basically the same as that of wet winding process, but the preheating temperature of the mold, the baking conditions of the prepreg tape, and the winding tension are different.
The force, winding speed, etc. must be determined according to the technical conditions specified for the prepreg tape.
5.5 Fiber-wound reinforced composite tube samples
The specimens were cut directly from the fiber-wound reinforced composite tube and then machined. The two reduction surfaces were 180° apart and the horizontal
The section is located at the center relative to the width of the specimen.
5.6 Type and size of test specimen
5.6.1 The specimens produced by wet winding or prepreg winding are of two types. shear specimens and uniaxial tensile specimens, see Table 1 and Figure 4.
5.6.2 For the specimens made of fiber-wound reinforced composite pipes, the radius of the reduced surface r shall not be less than 9 mm, and the minimum width of the reduced surface l shall not be less than
14mm, specimen width L is not less than 23mm, see Figure 5.
6 Shear test
6.1 Shear test specimen
6.1.1 Specimen size
The shear specimen dimensions are shown in Figure 6.Specimen length L. 21 mm to 30 mm for glass fiber reinforced composites, 21 mm to 30 mm for carbon fiber and aramid fiber
The thickness of reinforced composite materials is 18mm~21mm.
6.1.2 Sample preparation
The specimens are prepared in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 5.Shear specimens are cut radially from the annular specimen and are equally cut from three rings.
6.1.3 Number of samples
Each group of samples shall not be less than 9, and there shall be 9 valid samples in the same batch.
6.2 Test conditions
6.2.1 Laboratory Environment
The laboratory environmental conditions shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 1446.
6.2.2 Test equipment
The test equipment shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 1446.
6.2.3 Test fixture
The shear test fixture should have a sliding support that allows the specimen to extend freely and an automatic centering device, see Figure 7.The radius of the upper pressure head is (3 ±
0.25) mm, hardness is (60~62) HRC, surface is fine, no indentation and burr. Sliding support spacing l. Glass fiber reinforced composite material is
20mm, carbon fiber and aramid fiber reinforced composite materials are 11mm, see Figure 8.
6.2.4 Loading Speed
The loading speed is 1mm/min~2mm/min.
6.3 Test steps
6.3.1 Sample inspection shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
6.3.2 The state adjustment of the sample shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
6.3.3 Number the specimens. Measure the width and thickness of the specimen at three locations, including the middle and both ends, and take the arithmetic mean.
0.01mm.
6.3.4 Place the specimen with the convex surface facing upward on the support, with the axis of contact between the upper indenter and the specimen perpendicular to the length direction of the specimen, see Figure 8.
6.3.5 Apply load to the specimen evenly and continuously and record the failure load. If the failure mode after the specimen is bending, extrusion or other non-interlaminar
If shear failure occurs, the sample will be discarded. The typical failure form of the shear test is shown in Figure 9.
6.5 Test results
The test results shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
7 Tensile test
7.1 Tensile test specimen
7.1.1 Specimen size
The dimensions of the tensile test specimens shall be in accordance with the provisions of 5.6.
7.1.2 Sample preparation
The preparation of samples shall be in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 5.
7.1.3 Number of samples
Each group of samples shall not be less than 5, and there shall be 5 valid samples in the same batch.
7.2 Test conditions
7.2.1 Laboratory Environment
The laboratory environmental conditions shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 1446.
7.2.2 Test equipment
The test equipment shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 1446.
7.2.3 Test fixture
The fixture for the tensile test is shown in Figure 10.The unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite ring specimen uses a type I fixture;
The material tube specimen adopts Type II clamp, the width of the tension disk should be larger than the width of the specimen, and the diameter should be close to the inner diameter of the specimen.
7.2.4 Loading Speed
Loading speed of unidirectional fiber winding reinforced composite ring specimen. glass fiber reinforced composite material is 3mm/min~
5mm/min; carbon fiber and aramid fiber reinforced composite materials are 2mm/min~3mm/min. Fiber winding reinforced composite pipe test
The loading speed of the sample is 2.5mm/min~12.5mm/min.
7.3 Test steps
7.3.1 Sample inspection shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
7.3.2 The state adjustment of the sample shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
7.3.3 Number the specimens. For unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite ring specimens, a straight line is drawn through the center of the specimen and intersects the two sides of the ring.
Measure the width and thickness of the sample at this point, measure two points on each side, and take the arithmetic mean; the fiber-wound reinforced composite pipe sample is measured
The minimum width and thickness of the two reduced surfaces. The measurement accuracy is 0.01mm.
7.3.4 Install the specimen on the fixture. The scribe line of the annular specimen of the unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite material or the
The reduced surface of the tube specimen should be aligned with the gap of the tension plate, and the contact surface between the specimen and the fixture should be lubricated.
7.3.5 Apply load to the specimen evenly and continuously until it fails, and record the failure load.
7.3.6 The tensile elastic modulus of annular specimens of unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite materials shall be measured in accordance with the provisions of Appendix A.
7.3.7 The fiber volume content of glass fiber samples shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 2577; the fiber volume content of carbon fiber samples shall be determined in accordance with
The provisions of GB/T 3855.
7.4 Calculation
7.4.1 Tensile strength
7.4.2 Tensile elastic modulus of unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite ring specimens
The calculation of tensile elastic modulus shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Appendix A.
7.4.3 Fiber tensile strength of unidirectional fiber-wound reinforced composite ring specimens
The fiber tensile strength is calculated according to formula (3).
7.5 Test results
The test results shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
8 Test report
The test report should include the following.
a) Name of the test item and the number of this document;
b) Types and specifications of raw materials;
c) Ambient temperature and relative humidity when the ring specimen is made;
d) Winding tension and speed;
e) Mould material;
f) solidification system;
g) Person who prepared the sample and date;
h) Type, number, shape, size, appearance quality and quantity of the test specimens;
i) Test temperature, relative humidity and sample condition adjustment;
j) Model, range and usage of test equipment and instruments;
k) Test results. Give a single value of each sample performance (if necessary, give the damage of each sample), arithmetic mean, standard deviation
and coefficient of dispersion;
l) Test personnel, date and others.
......
GB/T 1458-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 83.120
Q 23
Replacing GB/T 1458-1988, GB/T 1461-1988, GB/T 2578-1989
Test method for mechanical properties of ring of
filament-winding reinforced plastics
ISSUED ON: JUNE 30, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Method overview ... 5
4 Specimen preparation ... 7
5 Shear test ... 10
6 Tensile test ... 13
7 Test report ... 17
Appendix A (Normative) Determination of elastic modulus ... 18
Test method for mechanical properties of ring of
filament-winding reinforced plastics
1 Scope
This standard specifies the specimen preparation, shear test, tensile test, test
report for the mechanical performance test of ring of filament-winding reinforced
plastics.
This standard applies to the production of ring of filament-winding reinforced
plastics, as well as the determination of the interlaminar shear strength, tensile
strength, tensile elastic modulus, fiber tensile strength of ring of filament-
winding reinforced plastics.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 1446 The generals of test methods for properties of fiber-reinforced
plastics
GB/T 2577 Test method for resin content of glass fiber reinforced plastics
GB/T 3855 Test method for resin content of carbon fiber reinforced plastics
3 Method overview
3.1 Method of specimen preparation
3.1.1 Overview
The specimen is prepared by the single-ring winding method or the cylindrical
cutting ring method. These two methods can adopt wet winding or prepreg
winding. The two winding processes are as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2,
respectively. When making performance comparisons, the specimens shall be
1 - Prepreg tape ball; 2 - Tension device; 3 - Yarn nozzle; 4 - Ring mold.
Figure 2 -- Schematic diagram of prepreg winding
3.2 Shear test method
Cut the ring specimen into the specified size; apply the load with the three-point
bending loading method as shown in the Figure 3; record the failure load;
calculate the shear strength of the specimen.
3.3 Tensile test method
Mount the ring specimen on the tension plate of the testing machine; load and
stretch at the specified loading speed until the specimen fails; record the failure
load; calculate the strength and modulus.
4 Specimen preparation
4.1 Equipment
4.1.1 Winding machine
The winding machine is composed of a creel, a glue tank, a tension control
device, a yarn nozzle, a driving mechanism, etc.
4.1.2 Mold and core mold
The single-ring mold is as shown in the Figure 3. The two ends of the core mold
of the cylindrical ring cutting method shall be left with appropriate shafts to
facilitate the assembly of the mold on the winding machine.
4.1.3 Demolding
A suitable press can be used for the demolding machine.
4.1.4 Curing
The curing device shall have an appropriate controllable temperature range,
which has a temperature control accuracy of ±2 °C.
from the yarn ball, the twist of yarn shall be kept constant; a slight tension shall
be applied to prevent it from shaking.
4.3.3 Impregnation
The fiber is drawn from the yarn ball, passes through the guide roller, enters the
glue tank with heating device. When the fiber is pulled out from the glue tank,
use a squeezing roller or a squeegee to remove the excess glue while
minimizing fiber wear.
4.3.4 Tension control
The impregnated fiber is passed through a series of guide rollers; apply the
required tension to the fiber. The winding tension is: 5% ~ 8% of the breaking
strength of the fiber for glass fiber; 3% ~ 4% of the breaking strength of the fiber
for aramid; according to the process requirements of carbon fiber, it should not
damage the fiber.
4.3.5 Yarn arrangement
The fiber arrangement shall be uniform; neither accumulation nor separation
from the seam is allowed. Make the fiber impregnation uniform; the tension is
stable; the winding speed should be not more than 60 r/min (the line speed is
28 m/min).
4.3.6 Curing
After winding the ring specimen, it is cured according to the specified curing
system. The storage time of the ring specimens wound in the same batch before
curing shall not exceed 8h.
4.3.7 Processing and demolding
After curing the single-ring specimen, first remove the outer molds on both sides
and string together for surface processing by grinding or fine turning. After
processing, use a press to remove the middle mold.
After curing, the cylinder is ground or precision turned for surface processing,
then the ring is cut and demolded.
4.4 Prepreg winding process
The procedure for preparing specimens by the prepreg method is basically the
same as the wet winding process, but the preheating temperature of the mold
and the baking conditions, winding tension, winding speed of the prepreg tape
must be determined according to the technical conditions specified for the
prepreg tape.
The test results are in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
7 Test report
The content of the test report shall include all or part of the following items:
a) The name of the test item and the number of this standard;
b) Varieties and specifications of raw materials;
c) Ambient temperature and relative humidity when preparing the ring
specimen;
d) Winding tension and speed;
e) Mold material;
f) Curing system;
g) Specimen preparer and date;
h) The type, number, shape, size, appearance quality and quantity of the
specimen;
i) Test temperature, relative humidity, specimen state conditioning;
j) Model, measurement range and using conditions of test equipment and
instruments;
k) Test results:
Giving the single value of the shear performance of each specimen (if
necessary, giving the damage of each specimen), arithmetic mean,
standard deviation, dispersion coefficient;
l) Test personnel, date, and others.
Where:
E - Modulus of elasticity, in megapascals (MPa);
Δp - The load increment of the initial straight line segment on the load-strain
curve, in Newton (N);
b - The width of the specimen, in millimeters (mm);
h - The thickness of the specimen, in millimeters (mm);
Δε1, Δε2 - Strain increments at both sides corresponding to the load
increments Δp.
A.1.6 The number of specimens is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T
1446.
A.1.7 The test results are in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1446.
A.2 Deformation gauge method
A.2.1 Install deformation gauges symmetrically on both sides of the gap in the
tension plate (see Figure A.1).
A.2.2 Operate according to A.1.2, A.1.3, A.1.4.
A.2.3 The elastic modulus is calculated according to formula (A.2):
Where:
E - Modulus of elasticity, in megapascals (MPa);
Δp - The load increment of the initial straight line segment on the load-strain
curve, in Newton (N);
b - The width of the specimen, in millimeters (mm);
h - The thickness of the specimen, in millimeters (mm);
D - The diameter of the specimen, in millimeters (mm);
Δl1, Δl2 - The deformation increments on both sides corresponding to the
load increment Δp, in millimeters (mm).
......
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